The Section 199A Qualified Business Income Deduction, enacted as part of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act in 2017, 公司税率从35%大幅下调至21%,这意味着为规模较小的流动企业提供税收优惠.
Under current law, for taxable years 2018 through 2025, 个人和信托一般可以从合伙企业扣除合格营业收入的20%, S corporations or sole proprietorships, 除了单独扣除合计合格房地产投资信托股息和合格上市合伙企业收入的组成部分.
然而,还有一些其他的要求和限制在起作用. The amount deductible, for instance, 不得超过应纳税年度应纳税所得额的百分之二十(扣除资本净收益). 基于W-2工资和资本投资的限制通常也适用. 不容许扣除指定bet9平台游戏行业或业务的入息(例如.g., accounting, 法律和咨询业务)也分阶段进入超过应税收入的阈值, indexed for inflation. For 2021, the threshold amount is $329,800 for married filing joint returns, $164,925 for married filing separate returns and $164,900 for all other returns. Other than through the limitations above, 扣除的最高金额基本上是不受限制的,以合资格入息的20%为限.
The Build Back Better Act proposes to add a fixed-dollar limitation, not indexed for inflation, 从12月31日以后开始的纳税年度的最高扣除额, 2021. The amount proposed is to not exceed $500,000 for a joint return or surviving spouse, $250,000 for a married individual filing a separate return, $400,000 for certain other taxpayers and only $10,000 for a trust.
现行法律将继续适用逐步取消超过阈值的扣除额, but while the Build Back Better legislation proposes to make the excess business loss limitation permanent, 它不建议永久延长199A合格企业收入扣除额, 在12月31日以后开始的课税年度,仍会被终止, 2025.
请记住,这一变化仍然必须在法案的最终版本中保留下来, 有可能将收入加速到2021年(同时推迟重大扣除和/或损失)的纳税人可能希望现在开始考虑这些选择,以优化2021年和2022年支付的联邦税总额. Otherwise, 建议的更改对199A年度扣除的影响,以及其他建议的影响(请参阅我们关于 建议修改净投资所得税和建议征收附加税)可能会使纳税人对某些水平的贸易或商业收入的整体有效税率从29%大幅增加.6%(37%的税率乘以80%的应税收入),实际税率超过46%.
More than the 199A fixed-dollar deduction limitation | 39.6% |
Proposed change in Net Investment Income Tax Regime | 3.8% |
Surcharge tax regime on certain High-Income Taxpayers | 3.0% |
Highest Total Effective Tax Rate | 46.4% |
As an example, 考虑一个纳税人,他实质性地参与了一个行业或企业,2021年的合格业务收入为1000万美元. 假设纳税人在申请其他限制后,可根据第199A条获得最大利益, tax on this income in 2021 would be approximately $2.96 million. 现在假设根据拟议的法律,同一纳税人在2022年获得了相同数量的合格营业收入. Projected tax on the income could approximate $4.4 million (39.6% of $10M less $500,000, plus 3.8% NIIT on $10M and 3% surcharge on $5M), 对于潜在的有效税率超过44%(有效税率接近最高有效税率46).收入增加4%),相当于增加了大约1美元的税收.4 million and an increase of 14.4% in the effective rate.
受托人可能希望开始审查他们的选择,以优化信托支付的税收和信托收入分配对个人受益人评估的税收之间拟议变化的影响.
As with other provisions in the proposed legislation, taxpayers and advisors will need to monitor this provision closely. 随着这些拟议的改革进入立法程序,我们将继续监测事态发展. Additional articles and analyses will be provided in the coming weeks. In the meantime, if you have any questions, please reach out to your Schneider Downs tax consultant or contact us at contactsd@hadeslo.com.